Tag: Enterprise Architecture

How to develop Architecture

TOGAF (The Open Group Architecture Framework) is a framework that defines how to develop an Enterprise Architecture

TOGAF lays down the steps as follows, as part of its ADM (Architecture Development Methodology)

Preliminary Phase:

  • This is an initial phase comprising the following steps and is done one time
    • Scope the Enterprise organizations that are impacted
    • Confirm Governance and Support frameworks
    • Define and Establish Architecture team
    • Identify and Establish Architecture principles
    • Tailor TOGAF and other frameworks
    • Implement architecture Tools

Architecture Vision Phase

  • This is the first phase in the ADM iteration
    • Establish Architecture project
    • Identify Stakeholders, concerns and business requirements
    • Confirm Business goals, drivers and constraints
    • Evaluate capability
      • Ability to develop architecture
      • Business capability
    • Assess readiness for Business transformation
    • Define Scope of Architecture work
      • Scope of baseline and target architecture
    • Confirm Architectural principles and business principles
    • Develop Architecture Vision
      • High level view of Baseline and Target architecture
    • Define Target architecture value and KPI (metrics) for the target state are identified
      • Develop business case
      • Review value proposition
      • Define performance metrics and measures to be built in
      • Assess business risk
    • Identify Transformation risks and mitigation activities
      • Consider Initial level of risk and Residual level of risk
    • Develop Statement of Architecture work
      • Assess work products to be produced
        • Identify new work products to be created
        • Identify existing work products to be changed
        • Identify the impact of change to other work products
      • Determine which arch domains should be developed and what views
      • Assess resource requirements to perform the work
      • Estimate, develop roadmap and schedule
      • Ensure Performance metrics are built into work product
      • Develop communication plan
      • Review and agree plan with sponsors, secure formal approval for statement of architecture work
      • Gain sponsor’s sign off

Business Architecture, Information Systems Architecture and Technology Architecture

  • BDAT phases contain the following steps
    • The vision phase is followed by the BDAT segment architecture phases
    • BDAT stands for Business, Data, Application and Technology
    • Data and Application architectures are grouped under Informtion Systems Architecture
    • The goals of these phases are to prepare the Baseline and Target Architecture

Opportunities and Solutions

  • Opportuities and Solutions phase contains the following steps
    • Key corporate Change attributes which measure the transition capabilities are identified to take advantage of Organization culture in implementation
    • Business drivers that can constrain implementation are identified
    • Gaps between Baseline and Target architectures in previous phases are consolidated
    • Based on the gaps, requirements are consolidated across different business functions
    • Interoperability requirements are identified
    • Dependencies are identified
    • Validate the business Transformation readiness assessment findings
    • Formulate Implementation strategy
    • Identigy and group work packages
    • Transition architecture is developed
    • Create Architecture Roadmap and Implementation & Migration plan

Migration Planning

  • Migration Planning contains the following steps
    • Confirm management framework interactions
    • Identify business value for each of the for each work package
    • Estimate Resource requirements, timelines and release delivery vehicles
    • Prioritize the work packages through Cost Benefit assessment
    • Confirm Architecture roadmap
    • Complete Implementation and Migration Plan
    • Complete ADM cycle and document the learnings

Implementation Governance

  • Implementation Governance contains the following steps
    • Implementation teams are finalized
    • Architecture team guides the Implementation team in Solution development
    • Architecture team shares an Architecture Contract to be followed in Solution development
    • Architecture Compliance review is done to make sure the Implementation is as per the Contract
    • Carry out the deployment
    • New Baseline architectures are published
    • Conduct Post implementation review

Change Management

  • Change Management phase contains the following steps:
    • Analyze performance
    • Make recommendations on Change requirements to meet performance targets
    • Activate Architecture Process to implement change
    • This may involve repeating one of more BDAT phases followed by Implementation Governance phase.

Reference:
The TOGAF® Standard, Version 9.2 (opengroup.org)
TOGAF training by Scott Duffy, Udemy